UNIT 1.- The Earth in the Universe
 
 The Solar System
 
     The Sun
     Mercury
     Venus
     Earth
     Mars
     Jupiter
     Saturn
     Uranus
     Neptune
     Pluto
     Ceres
     Moon
     Asteroids
     Comets
Comets
A comet is an icy body that orbits the sun. At the center of a comet is a small, solid ball called a nucleus. It is made of several gases, water, and dust that are frozen into a kind of dirty snowball. Sometimes it can also be made of rock. The nucleus is only a few kilometers or a few miles in diameter. A cloud of dust and gases called a coma surrounds the nucleus. Together, the nucleus and the coma form the comet's head.
 

When the comet is far from the sun, it travels at about 2,000 Km. per hour. As it gets closer to the sun, its speed increases. It may travel at over 100,000 Km. per hour! As a comet approaches the Sun, its icy body begins to melt, releasing gas and dust. The solar winds push against the coma, making a tail that streams from the nucleus. The tail of a comet may extend millions of kilometers into space. It is usually curved because of the movement of the comet.

     
     
 Images
   

Structure of a comet

 

Parts of a comet